OS | IT Garage

과거의 RHEL/CentOS 계열 OS에서는 ifcfg-xxx 파일의 Manual한 IP 설정 후 Network Service 또는 ethernet 을 재기동 하여 수동 IP를 반영하였지만 아래와 같이 이제 더이상 network-scripts 하단의 설정 구성 방석은 지원하지 않습니다.

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1244 Nov  7 13:30 readme-ifcfg-rh.txt

변경된 방식에 따라 system-connections 하단의 nmconnection 파일을 수정하여 [ipv4] 부분에 수동 IP를 설정하고 nmcli로 반영 하겠습니다.

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/
total 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 227 Dec 30 17:19 ens33.nmconnection

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ens33.nmconnection

[ipv4]
method=manual
address1=192.168.0.100/24,192.168.0.1
dns=8.8.8.8

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection reload
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection up ens33
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3)

[root@localhost ~]$ nmcli device show ens33
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         ens33
GENERAL.TYPE:                           ethernet
......
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     ens33
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER:               on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         192.168.0.100/24
IP4.GATEWAY:                            192.168.0.1
IP4.ROUTE[1]:                           dst = 192.168.0.0/24, nh = 0.0.0.0, mt = 100
IP4.ROUTE[2]:                           dst = 0.0.0.0/0, nh = 192.168.0.1, mt = 100
IP4.DNS[1]:                             8.8.8.8

실제 통신이 가능한지 ping 등을 통해 검증하면 끝입니다. 🙂

연결된 디스크의 확장이 가능한 가상화 환경의 경우 디스크 사이즈를 증설할 수 있지만 OS에서 증설된 만큼 파티션과 볼륨을 확장해야 실제 파일시스템에서 사용할 수 있습니다.
그 과정을 정리했습니다.

0. 파일시스템 상태 확인

test@test:~$ df -h
Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                              794M   14M  781M   2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv  9.8G  8.2G  1.1G  89% /
tmpfs                              3.9G   84K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2                          1.7G  242M  1.4G  15% /boot
tmpfs                              794M  4.0K  794M   1% /run/user/1000

VM의 디스크 증설 후 확인
디스크를 기존 16G에서 30G로 증설 하여 sda는 30G 이지만 실제 확장되어야할 sda3는 현재 14.2G 상태

test@test:~$ lsblk
NAME                      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0                       7:0    0  63.4M  1 loop /snap/core20/1974
loop1                       7:1    0  63.7M  1 loop /snap/core20/2434
loop2                       7:2    0 111.9M  1 loop /snap/lxd/24322
loop3                       7:3    0  89.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/31333
loop4                       7:4    0  53.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/19457
loop5                       7:5    0  44.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/23258
sda                         8:0    0    30G  0 disk
├─sda1                      8:1    0     1M  0 part
├─sda2                      8:2    0   1.8G  0 part /boot
└─sda3                      8:3    0  14.2G  0 part
  └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0    0    10G  0 lvm  /
sdb                         8:16   0    50G  0 disk
sr0                        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom

2. 파티션 확장

test@test:~$ sudo parted
GNU Parted 3.4
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      1049kB  2097kB  1049kB                     bios_grub
 2      2097kB  1881MB  1879MB  ext4
 3      1881MB  17.2GB  15.3GB

(parted) resizepart 3
End?  [17.2GB]? 32.2GB
(parted) print
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name  Flags
 1      1049kB  2097kB  1049kB                     bios_grub
 2      2097kB  1881MB  1879MB  ext4
 3      1881MB  32.2GB  30.3GB

(parted) q
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

3. 파티션 확장 확인

test@test:~$ lsblk
NAME                      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0                       7:0    0  63.4M  1 loop /snap/core20/1974
loop1                       7:1    0  63.7M  1 loop /snap/core20/2434
loop2                       7:2    0 111.9M  1 loop /snap/lxd/24322
loop3                       7:3    0  89.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/31333
loop4                       7:4    0  53.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/19457
loop5                       7:5    0  44.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/23258
sda                         8:0    0    30G  0 disk
├─sda1                      8:1    0     1M  0 part
├─sda2                      8:2    0   1.8G  0 part /boot
└─sda3                      8:3    0  28.2G  0 part
  └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0    0    10G  0 lvm  /
sdb                         8:16   0    50G  0 disk
sr0                        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom

4. pv 사이즈 확인 및 확장

test@test:~$ sudo pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  PV Size               <14.25 GiB / not usable 0
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              3647
  Free PE               1087
  Allocated PE          2560
  PV UUID               O2p8iY-2Jpm-WNGJ-viUf-nIt6-iw0x-rVgXAo

test@test:~$ sudo pvscan
  PV /dev/sda3   VG ubuntu-vg       lvm2 [<14.25 GiB / <4.25 GiB free]
  Total: 1 [<14.25 GiB] / in use: 1 [<14.25 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

test@test:~$ sudo pvresize /dev/sda3
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
test@test:~$ sudo pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  PV Size               <28.24 GiB / not usable 1.31 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              7228
  Free PE               4668
  Allocated PE          2560
  PV UUID               O2p8iY-2Jpm-WNGJ-viUf-nIt6-iw0x-rVgXAo

5. vg 미할당량 확인 및 lv 확장

test@test:~$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               28.23 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              7228
  Alloc PE / Size       2560 / 10.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       4668 / 18.23 GiB
  VG UUID               aUI3qM-tbml-FpOz-ccxw-1yk3-4hCo-a35uCK

test@test:~$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
  LV Name                ubuntu-lv
  VG Name                ubuntu-vg
  LV UUID                gFcvA9-fkuH-rNy8-wVka-93Th-r8X0-FB8giN
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2023-12-05 01:04:17 +0000
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                10.00 GiB
  Current LE             2560
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

test@test:~$ sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE -n /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
  Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from 10.00 GiB (2560 extents) to 28.23 GiB (7228 extents).
  Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
test@test:~$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               28.23 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              7228
  Alloc PE / Size       7228 / 28.23 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0
  VG UUID               aUI3qM-tbml-FpOz-ccxw-1yk3-4hCo-a35uCK

test@test:~$ lsblk
NAME                      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0                       7:0    0  63.4M  1 loop /snap/core20/1974
loop1                       7:1    0  63.7M  1 loop /snap/core20/2434
loop2                       7:2    0 111.9M  1 loop /snap/lxd/24322
loop3                       7:3    0  89.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/31333
loop4                       7:4    0  53.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/19457
loop5                       7:5    0  44.3M  1 loop /snap/snapd/23258
sda                         8:0    0    30G  0 disk
├─sda1                      8:1    0     1M  0 part
├─sda2                      8:2    0   1.8G  0 part /boot
└─sda3                      8:3    0  28.2G  0 part
  └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0    0  28.2G  0 lvm  /
sdb                         8:16   0    50G  0 disk
sr0                        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom

6. 파일시스템 사이즈 재조정 및 확인

test@test:~$ sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 4
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 7401472 (4k) blocks long.

test@test:~$ df -h
Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                              794M   14M  781M   2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv   28G  8.2G   19G  31% /
tmpfs                              3.9G   84K  3.9G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2                          1.7G  242M  1.4G  15% /boot
tmpfs                              794M  4.0K  794M   1% /run/user/1000

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